Na Emily Chow, Dominique Patton
BEIJING (Reuters) - Ke hoʻolaha nei ʻo Kina i kahi ʻōnaehana quota e kaupalena i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku i nā phosphates, kahi mea hoʻohui waiwai nui, i ka hapa lua o kēia makahiki, wahi a nā mea loiloi, e haʻi ana i ka ʻike mai nā mea hana phosphate nui o ka ʻāina.
ʻO nā quota, i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ma lalo o nā pae hoʻokuʻu i ka makahiki i hala aku nei, e hoʻonui i ke komo ʻana o Kina i ka mākeke e mālama i ka uhi o nā kumukūʻai kūloko a pale i ka palekana meaʻai ʻoiai ke lele nei nā kumukūʻai momona honua kokoke i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ʻOkakopa i hala aku nei, ua neʻe pū ʻo Kina i ka pale ʻana i nā mea hoʻopuka ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi koi hou no nā palapala hōʻoia no ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā mea momona a me nā mea pili, e hāʻawi ana i ka lako honua paʻa.
Ua hoʻonui ʻia nā kumukūʻai fertilizer e nā hoʻopaʻi ma luna o nā mea hana nui ʻo Belarus a me Rūsia, ʻoiai ke piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai palaoa e hoʻonui ana i ka noi no ka phosphate a me nā mea kanu meaʻai mai nā mahiʻai a puni ka honua.
ʻO Kina ka mea kūʻai aku i nā phosphates nui loa o ka honua, e hoʻouna ana i 10 miliona tons i ka makahiki i hala, a i ʻole 30% o ka nui o ke kālepa honua.ʻO kāna mau mea kūʻai nui ʻo India, Pakistan a me Bangladesh, e like me ka ʻike kuʻuna Kina.
Ua ʻike ʻia ua hāʻawi aku ʻo Kina i nā quota hoʻokuʻu aku no ka ʻoi aku o 3 miliona mau phosphates i nā mea hana no ka hapa lua o kēia makahiki, wahi a Gavin Ju, ka mea loiloi mea kanu Kina ma CRU Group, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻike mai kahi o nā mea hana i hoʻomaopopo ʻia e nā aupuni kūloko. mai ka hopena o Iune.
E hōʻailona ia i kahi hāʻule o 45% mai nā hoʻouna ʻana o Kina he 5.5 miliona tonnes i ka manawa like i ka makahiki i hala.
ʻAʻole i pane aku ka National Development and Reform Commission, ka ʻoihana hoʻolālā mokuʻāina ikaika o Kina, i kahi noi no ka manaʻo e pili ana i kāna mau quota, ʻaʻole i hoʻolaha ʻia ma ka lehulehu.
ʻO nā mea hana phosphates kiʻekiʻe ʻo Yunnan Yuntianhua, Hubei Xingfa Chemical Group a me Guizhou Phosphate Chemical Group (GPCG) nona ka mokuʻāina ʻaʻole i pane i nā kelepona a hōʻole paha i ka ʻōlelo i ka wā i hoʻopili ʻia e Reuters.
Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe loiloi ma S&P Global Commodity Insights ke manaʻo nei lākou he quota ma kahi o 3 miliona tonnes i ka hapa lua.
(Graphic: Ua hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ka nui o ka phosphate i waho, )
ʻOiai ua hoʻokau ʻo Kina i nā dute hoʻoiho i nā mea kanu i ka wā ma mua, ʻo nā hana hou e hōʻailona ai i kāna hoʻohana mua ʻana i nā palapala hōʻoia a me nā quotas hoʻokuʻu aku, wahi a nā mea loiloi.
ʻO nā mea hana nui ʻē aʻe o nā phosphates, e like me ka diammonium phosphate (DAP) i hoʻohana nui ʻia, ʻo Morocco, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Rusia a me Saudia Arabia.
ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai i ka makahiki i hala ua hāpai i nā hopohopo no Beijing, pono e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka palekana o ka meaʻai no kāna poʻe 1.4 biliona e like me ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o ka mahiʻai.
Ke kū nei nā kumu kūʻai o Kina ma kahi hoʻemi nui i nā kumukūʻai honua, akā naʻe, aia i kēia manawa ma kahi o $300 ma lalo o ka $1,000 no ka tonne i ʻōlelo ʻia ma Brazil, e hoʻoikaika ana i nā hoʻokuʻu aku.
Ua piʻi ka phosphate exports o Kina i ka hapa mua o 2021 ma mua o ka hāʻule ʻana i Nowemapa, ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ke koi no nā palapala hōʻoia.
ʻO ka DAP a me ka monoammonium phosphate hoʻokuʻu aku i nā mahina ʻelima mua o kēia makahiki he 2.3 miliona tonnes, ma lalo o 20% mai ka makahiki i hala.
(Kiʻi: ʻO nā mākeke hoʻopuka DAP kiʻekiʻe loa o Kina, )
E kākoʻo nā palena hoʻokuʻu aku i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka honua, ʻoiai ke kaupaona nei lākou i ka noi a hoʻouna i nā mea kūʻai aku e ʻimi ana i nā kumu ʻē aʻe, wahi a nā mea loiloi.
ʻO ka mea kūʻai kiʻekiʻe ʻo India i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā kumukūʻai e ʻae ʻia e uku no DAP ma $920 no ka tonne, a ʻo ka noi mai Pakistan e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma muli o nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, wahi a S&P Global Commodity Insights.
ʻOiai ua emi iki nā kumukūʻai i nā pule i hala aku nei e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mākeke i nā hopena o ka pilikia o Ukraine, e hāʻule hou lākou inā ʻaʻole no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o Kina, wahi a Glen Kurokawa, CRU phosphates analyst.
"Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe, akā ma ka laulā he paʻa ka mākeke," wahi āna.
Hōʻike ʻia e Emily Chow, Dominique Patton a me ke keʻena nūhou ʻo Beijing;Hoʻoponopono ʻia e Edmund Klamann
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-20-2022